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Overview of different types of bearings
2026-06-04
Cross roller element bearings are compact design bearings in which the roller elements are located at right angles between the inner and outer rings. They combine three main advantages: high load capacity, high precision and compact design. These bearings are capable of supporting axial loads in both directions, radial loads, tilting moments, and combinations thereof. Used as output bearings in rotating drives, they feature low friction torque, minimal clearance, high durability and precision, and unique load carrying capacity.
A flexible bearing is a bearing in which motion and power are transmitted through controlled elastic deformation of a flexible element. At present, it is mainly used in harmonic reducers, so it is also called harmonic reducer bearing. As a key component of the wave generator, the flexible bearing has thin walls of the inner and outer ring, which can be periodically deformed by the action of the cam, driving the flexible wheel and causing its elastic deformation. This allows for a high reduction ratio and backlash-free transmission, and is characterized by high precision, high load-bearing capacity, high torque and compact dimensions.
Radial angle ball bearings are bearings in which the inner and outer rings have raceways, and the inner and outer rings are displaced relative to the bearing axis in the axial direction. They are suitable for carrying mixed loads consisting of radial and axial loads, with their axial load-bearing capacity increasing with increasing contact angle.
Radial angle ball bearings are divided into single row, double row and four point.
Four point bearings are single row angular ball bearings whose raceways support axial loads acting in two directions, providing a versatile, compact and cost-effective solution. Some models have a split inner and outer ring design, allowing a larger contact angle to accommodate higher axial forces and moments. They are often used as input bearings in rotary actuators.
The four-point bearing design includes a solid outer ring, a split inner ring, and a ball and cage assembly with a brass or polyamide cage.
Needle bearings (cylindrical roller bearings) are bearings in which cylindrical rollers and raceways are in linear contact. They have a high load capacity and mainly absorb radial loads. Due to the low friction between the rolling elements and the lateral edges of the raceways, these bearings are suitable for high speed operation. In addition, the split design of the inner and outer rings makes them easier to install and dismantle.
Cylindrical roller bearings provide high load capacity in a compact design, effectively suppress drive vibration, and improve controllability and rigidity. In addition to their high durability and uniform distribution of contact stresses, they are characterized by low noise and vibration levels, making them an ideal choice for rotating drives and linkages.
In radial ball bearings, the raceways of the inner and outer rings are shaped into deep arcuate grooves, allowing them to withstand radial and bi-directional axial loads. They are suitable for high speed rotation and are one of the most widely used bearings. They are known for their simple structure, reliable performance and ease of maintenance, and have the characteristics of high precision, low clearance torque and high load capacity. If necessary, seals can be installed in them.
Tapered roller bearings are split bearings, the inner and outer rings have tapered raceways, and the rollers are tapered. The rollers and raceways are in linear contact, allowing them to withstand significant combined radial and axial loads, as well as pure axial loads. The larger the contact angle, the higher the axial load capacity. Tapered roller bearings are divided into single row, double row and four row bearings and other types of designs.
Bearings, as key basic components in mechanical engineering, are widely used in many fields and have broad market prospects. China has a developed basic industry, and the bearing industry has a well-developed industrial chain. The high end includes metallic materials such as bearing steel and stainless steel, as well as non-metallic materials such as modified plastics, and parts such as bearing rings; in the middle segment, bearings are produced for automobiles, construction equipment, wind energy and other areas; At the lower end, bearings are widely used in automotive, robotics, home appliances and many other fields, and the market demand remains stable. At the same time, the processing accuracy of bearings for robots is lower than that of bearings for cars and machine tools; Currently, serial production of bearings for RV gearboxes and harmonic gearboxes of domestic production has been established.
